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What are the best solar cells under low light conditions
Solar cells that perform well under low light conditions include amorphous silicon solar cells, cadmium telluride solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, etc. The following are specific introductions:
Amorphous silicon solar cell: It belongs to thin-film solar cells, where silicon atoms are in an amorphous form. It has a high absorption coefficient for sunlight and only requires a 1 μ m thick film to absorb 80% of sunlight. It can also generate electricity under low light conditions. It was first applied to electronic products such as calculators and electronic watches that are often used indoors, and can also be prepared into lightweight flexible photovoltaic modules for curved surfaces or as portable mobile power sources.
Cadmium telluride solar cell: It is a thin film solar cell with a direct transition band structure, which has good full spectrum absorption. Its luminescence effect is significantly better than that of indirect bandgap crystalline silicon cells under weak light conditions such as early morning, evening, snow, dust accumulation, and haze. Its bandgap width makes the spectral response very matched with the solar spectrum, with high absorption rate. Only 1 micron thick can absorb more than 90% of visible light, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple with a long service life. It can be applied in fields such as building photovoltaic integration and flexible solar cells.
Dye sensitized solar cells: The dye sensitized solar cells from California based innovative technology company Environmental Photonics can provide three times more power than their competitors even in the darkest conditions. The company's double-sided solar cell technology allows the battery to collect light energy from both the front and back simultaneously, and can be integrated into devices such as remote controls to provide normal power regardless of the placement direction.
Back contact (BC) solar cells: The unique design of the BC front without grid lines ensures that more light is absorbed by the components and converted into electrical energy, thereby improving power generation efficiency in low light environments. According to data from an empirical power station in Qinghai, on cloudy days, the single kilowatt power generation of BC components leads TOPCon components by 3.16%. Under weak light conditions in the early morning, the power generation performance of BC components is also significantly better, which can effectively start in advance and generate more electricity.
Antimony sulfide solar cell: Antimony sulfide (Sb ₂ S ∝) is a semiconductor material with abundant reserves, low toxicity, and stable physical and chemical properties. Its bandgap is about 1.75eV, which is very close to the optimal bandgap value for indoor photovoltaic applications. Under WLED irradiation with illumination levels of 1000lux, 500lux, and 200lux, the device efficiencies are 17.55%, 17.17%, and 16.41%, respectively, and can continuously and stably drive low-power IoT electronic devices under indoor lighting conditions.
Organic solar cell: A new type of organic solar cell developed in collaboration between the Technology Research Department of the French Agency for Atomic Energy and Alternative Energy and Toyo Textile of Japan. Under 220lux lighting with a brightness close to that of a darkroom, the conversion efficiency can reach up to 25%, compared to only 16% for ordinary amorphous solar energy. The manufacturing process of organic solar cells mainly relies on low-cost, low-energy coating or printing, which can be made into flexible or transparent modules suitable for indoor applications.
Perovskite solar cells: Perovskite materials have a wide spectral absorption characteristic, which can absorb most photons in visible and near-infrared spectra, and have a high light absorption coefficient. Even at thinner thicknesses, they can absorb a large amount of light. Its bandgap is usually close to the ideal value of 2eV, and its power generation efficiency can reach up to 52% in low light conditions. It can still maintain high photoelectric conversion efficiency in low light intensity environments such as cloudy, rainy, or indoor lighting.
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